• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    Process and device for the treatment of threads, slivers and the like consisting of various filaments and optionally processed in a tissue or knitwear comprising suspending a treating agent in one or more gas or liquid streams, which are thereupon directed to the material to be treated under controllable pressure.
    公开号:SU1727536A3
    申请号:SU884355250
    申请日:1988-01-18
    公开日:1992-04-15
    发明作者:Г.Де Ягер Гуи
    申请人:Флекслайн Сервисиз Лтд (Фирма)；Гуи Г.Де Ягер (Фирма)；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    This invention relates to methods for treating yarns or strands composed of various fibers. The treatment is carried out in the form of a fabric or knitted fabric with a treating agent, wherein the fibers are separated from each other so that the treating substance better penetrates into the structure of the fibers.
    Similar methods are known that are used in the manufacture of composite materials consisting of thermoplastic or thermosetting substances, in which the fibers act as a reinforcing material.
    In a known method, filaments or strands consisting of a large number of fibers are separated from each other before the synthetic resin is applied in powder form, after which the resin is melted and a coherent product is obtained. The separation of the fibers in the strands is carried out, giving the fibers an electrostatic charge of one
    sign. According to another embodiment, the fibers are passed through venturi tubes, through which a medium flows at high speed in the same direction. The separation of the fibers occurs as a result of flow relaxation at the exit of the tube.
    There is also known a method of treating a fibrous material in the form of threads or strands intertwined into a woven or knitted fabric by feeding processing material onto the material to effect fiber separation.
    However, in a known method, the separation of the fibers and their treatment with the treating agent occurs separately, which leads to large losses of the particles of the treating substance and the deterioration of the quality of the treatment.
    The purpose of the invention is to improve the quality of processing.
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    According to this method, the treatment substance is suspended in one or more gas or liquid streams, which are then directed to the material to be treated at a controlled pressure.
    This ensures a very efficient separation of the fibers, as a result of which the impregnating material suspended in the streams penetrates well between the fibers and impregnates them uniformly. The result is a finished product, such as a sheet of plastic material, reinforced with fibers, having a uniform composition.
    The proposed method can be applied with any materials, regardless of the nature of the fibers or the nature of the impregnant.
    Thus, powdered ceramic products and metal substances can be considered as impregnating agents for thermoplastic or thermosetting materials.
    The method of the invention can also be applied to apply several layers of impregnating material of different thickness from different sides of the impregnating material. In this way, fabric or knitwear can be impregnated, placed inside or outside of any lightweight core.
    It is also possible to use an abrasive material as a processing agent, which makes the material treated with it rough, as a result of which the cohesive forces of the next layer with the material increase.
    It is desirable to direct the gas streams with the processing material suspended in them to the material being processed using the Venturi principle.
    The processing material can be suspended in the gas stream in different ways, for example, it can be sprayed in the gas stream as a melt or liquid. It is also possible to dispense powdered processing material directly into the gas or liquid stream from the container. It is possible to suspend the processing material in a fluidized bed in the gas and, due to the suction effect, remove the gas streams directed to the material being processed.
    FIG. 1 shows schematically the installation, side view in cross section; in fig. 2 - part of the installation, top view; in fig. 3 - the same, side view; in fig. 4 is a section A-A in FIG. 2; FIG. 5 is the main part of the installation shown in FIG. 2, 3,
    increased; in fig. 6 a, b, c, d, e — several applications of the invention.
    As can be seen from FIG. 1, the strips of continuous fiber 1 are wound from horizontal coils 2 with automatically maintained tension. The resulting bundles along the guide 3 enter the heated device 4. The device is heated from an automatically controlled heat source 5. Then the dried and heated fiber strips pass along the guide 6 into a thermally insulated receiver 7, where impregnation occurs (Fig. 2 -6) Thereafter, the beams pass through the melting furnace 8, where one or several heating bodies controlled by thermocouples are located. It is automatically adjusted by means of 9 providing the desired heat intensity. Further, the fibers are formed into ribbons and along the cooled forming sticks 10 are passed into the cooling means 11 through the feed rollers 12 and the guide 13, are wound onto the take-up spool 14. The take-up spool rotates from the electric motor 15. The fiber tape after the feed rollers 12 may be further processed, for example, cut transversely or longitudinally.
    If necessary, the installation for the implementation of this method can be fully or partially vertically.
    In the installation of FIG. 2 to 5, the fiber bundles in the thermally insulated receiver 7 are distributed over the rollers 16 displaced from the fiber feeding directions.
    The axes of the rollers 16 are mounted in pairs with respect to the shaft 17. Due to this, the fiber bundles can be located on the center line when pulled into the installation. The separation of the fiber bundles on more than one layer of rollers, in this case two, contributes to a better distribution of the fibers. After passing through the rollers, the fibers are impregnated. The powdered impregnating material flows from the metering device 18 through the perforated bottom 19, fluidizes in the bed 20 and the gas 21.
    It is desirable that the gas was preheated. Gas streams with the impregnating material suspended in them are sucked in the space 22 under controlled pressure from the fluidized bed, entering the impregnation heads 23, from where the streams are directed to continuously moving fiber beams. In order to achieve optimum impregnation, it is desirable to provide adjustment of the impregnating heads 23 in distance and / or angle of rotation relative to the impregnated material.
    Moving or replacing the various parts in receiver 7 is not difficult. Thus, other types of rollers and / or other impregnation heads can be used to impregnate other types of material.
    It is desirable that gas streams with finely distributed impregnating material enter impregnated fibers from two or more impregnation heads. This ensures that the impregnating material is evenly distributed among the individual fibers. This impregnation method makes it possible to work with a significantly lower tension of the fibers in comparison with a mechanical impregnation system, where the impregnating material is pressed between the fibers with the help of pressure rollers. Due to the lower tension of the fibers, they are almost completely prevented from breaking, which often occurs during the mechanical impregnation of carbon fibers. This phenomenon, in combination with more intensive impregnation, allows to increase the speed.
    FIG. 5 shows that the gas with the impregnating material suspended in it is sucked into the head 23 through the nozzle 24, the gas supply pipeline 25 under controlled pressure and through the pipeline 26 on the basis of the Venturi principle. Suction of gas from space 7 is also desirable. As a result, gas is circulated and its losses are prevented.
    If the fluidized bed is not used, then the metering device 18 is directly connected to the impregnation heads or their supply lines.
    In the case of the use of impregnating liquids, it is necessary either to inject the direct liquid into the impregnation head (s) or to suck it directly from the dosing device 18.
    FIG. 6 shows several diagrams of design options for multilateral and / or moving impregnation heads; they are suitable for the continuous impregnation of fiber bundles in the case of a fabric or knit. Such fiber bundles may be superimposed on the cores. They may be rectangular, cylindrical or honeycomb.
    If necessary, the internal impregnation of completely circumferentially hollow structures provided with fiber materials can be applied intermittently. In this case, the impregnation heads and / or the impregnated material are moved so as to ensure
    the desired impregnation. This process is shown in FIG. ba and 6d.
    FIG. 6d shows the nose of the aircraft 27, provided with an inside and outside fiber material to be impregnated, an impregnation head 28 is used for the internal impregnation and an impregnation head 29 is used for the external impregnation. The required impregnation is provided by rotating the nose and
    5 heads 28 and 29 along guides 30 and 31. In FIG. Be depicted is a portion of a dish-shaped antenna 32, in which inside and outside there is a fiber material requiring impregnation. The impregnation is carried out with the help of impregnation heads 33 and 34, radially reciprocatingly moving along the guides 35 and 36. If necessary, these movements can be carried out with control from
    5 computers that will provide optimum impregnation of more difficult types of material. If the fiber bundles in the fabric or knitwear are applied to the cores, the impregnating material is heated in
    0 autoclave at a certain desired pressure. Heat emitters can also be built into the autoclave.
    In accordance with the above, it is possible to treat impregnated fiber pots in structures of various shapes, for example, on the nose of the aircraft or the radar dome. It is also possible to use a melting furnace consisting, for example, of two heating halves.
    In order to facilitate handling of the impregnated fiber ribbons when fabric is obtained, knitted or curled, such ribbons can be fully or partially divided into narrower ribbons. On such
    Five narrow strips provide an additional thin impregnating layer, made using the proposed method. The additional layer consists of a specially selected impregnating material with
    In order for the impregnating material already present between the fibers to remain there in the course of making fabric or knitwear, an additional layer also prevents the absorption of moisture. For this purpose, fiber
    5, the tape may be subjected to thermal surface treatment. If the impregnating materials have a greater rigidity, then to obtain a fabric or knit fabric from narrow ribbons that have not passed through the smelting furnace, it is possible to use the slightly modified proposed installations without losing speed. In this case, woven knitwear or twisted material can be passed through a smelting furnace with additional processing using cold forming rolls.
    Acetal resins, acrylate resins, acrylonitrile butadiene styrene resins, aluminum, 10 alkyd resins, alumina, aryl resins, bismaleimide resins, cobalt, copper, ecohol, epoxy resins, fluorocarbon resins, fluorocopolymers, lead, melamine-formaldehyde resins, nickel, phenolic 15 resins, polyacetal resins, polyacrylates, polyamide (nylon), polybutadiene, polybutylene interphthalate, polycarbonate, aromatic polyether, thermoplastic polyethers, polyetherketones, polyether, polyalkene silica, 30 silicon carbide, silicon nitride, silicone, styrene acrylvitrile copolymers, styrene copolymers, titanium, tungsten, urea, vinyl e Ira, rubber; as well as additives such as anti-35 statics, dyes, swelling agents, concretes, adhesives, fillers, flame arresters, blowing agents, heat stabilizers, hollow fillers, lubricants, minerals, plasticizers, technological additives, silicones, stabilizers , superalloys, ultraviolet absorbers, water-soluble plastics, whiskers.
    The material to be processed may consist of aluminum, aluminum oxides, arami da, asbestos, boron, carbon, cobalt, copper, glass1, high silica quartz, lithium aluminum silicates, manganese, nickel, polyalkene, silica, 5G silicone, silicone carbide , silicone nitride, steel, titanium, tungsten, zinc, zirconium dioxide, zirconium.
    权利要求:
    Claims (10)
    [1]
    1. A method of treating a fibrous material in the form of threads or strands, mainly interwoven into a woven or knitted fabric, by feeding a treating substance to the material with the implementation of fiber separation, characterized in that, in order to improve the quality of the treatment, the treating substance is suspended in one or more gas or liquid streams, which are directed at the material at a certain angle and controlled pressure, while the separation of the fibers and the supply of the treating powder to them These substances are carried out simultaneously.
    [2]
    2. A method according to claim 1, characterized in that the gas flows are directed to the material according to the Venturi principle.
    [3]
    3. A method according to claim 1, characterized in that the gas flows with the treating agent suspended in them are directed to the woven or knitted fabric on both sides.
    [4]
    4. A method according to claim 3, characterized in that the gas flows with the treating agent suspended in them, which are directed from both sides to the woven or knitted fabric, are supplied separately from each other.
    [5]
    5. The method according to claim 4, wherein that the gas streams with the treating agent suspended in them are directed to the woven or knitted fabric with the reciprocating movement along the fabric by a stream of spray heads,
    [6]
    6. The method according to claim 1. characterized in that the treatment substance is a powder and is suspended in a fluidized bed in a gas, while the gas streams directed to the material being processed are diverted from the fluidized bed by suction.
    [7]
    7. Method pop. 1, characterized in that the treatment substance is supplied directly to the gas flows directed to the material to be treated in metered quantities.
    [8]
    8. The method according to claim 1. that the treatment substance is suspended by spraying in gas flows directed to the material as a melt or liquid.
    [9]
    9. The method according to claim 1, wherein the treatment substance is an impregnating agent.
    [10]
    10. A method according to claim 1, characterized in that an abrasive material is used as a treating agent to roughen the material to be treated in order to improve the bonding during sizing.
    The priority of paragraphs 16.07.85 on PP. 1-3, 6-10; 10.29.85 on PP. 1.4 and 5,
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    法律状态:
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    NL8502045|1985-07-16|
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